编辑推荐：学士学位英语阅读理解专项突破练习题（汇总）

Reading Comprehension (30%)

Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfin-ished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.You should de-cide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

In sport the sexes are separate. (76) Women and men do not run or swim in the same races.Women are less strong than men. That at least is what people say. Women are called" the weaker sex" ,or, if men want to please them, "the fair sex". But boys and girls are taught together at schools and universities. There are women who are famous Prime Ministers, scientists and writers.

And women live longer than men. A European woman can expect to live until the age of 74, a man only until he is 68. Are women's bodies really weaker?

The fastest men can run a mile in 4 minutes. The best women need 4.5 minutes. Women's speeds are always slower than men's, but some facts are surprising. Some of the fastest women swimmers today are teenage girls. One of them swam 400 metres in 4 minutes 21.2 seconds when she was only 16. The first" Tarzan" in films was an Olympic swimmer, Johnny Weissmuller. His fastest 400 metres was 4 minutes 59.1 seconds, which is 37.9 seconds slower than a girl50 years later !This does not mean that women are catching men up. Conditions are very different now, and sport is much more serious. It is so serious that some women athletes are given hormone(荷尔蒙)injections. At the Olympics a doctor has to check whether the women athletes are really women or not. It seems sad that sport has such problem. Life can be very complicated when there are two separate sexes !

1. Women are called "the weaker sex" because__________.

A. women do as much work as men

B. people think women are weaker than men

C. sport is easier for men than for women

D. in sport the two sexes are always together

2. Which of the following is true?

A. Boys and girls study separately everywhere.

B. Women do not run or swim in races with men.

C. Famous Prime Ministers are women.

D. Men can expect to live longer than women in Europe.

3. "That at least is what people say. " means people__________.

A. say other things too

B. don't say this much

C. say this but may not think so

D. only think this

4. What problems does sport have?

A. Some women athletes are actually men.

B. Some women athletes are given hormone injections.

C. Women and men do not mn or swim in the same races.

D. It is difficult to check whether women athletes are really women.

5. In this passage the author implies that__________ .

A. women are weaker than men, but faster

B. women are slower than men, but stronger

C. men are not always stronger and faster than women

D. men are faster and stronger than women

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

(77) What do we mean by a satisfactory standard of living? Obviously, it must include the basic necessities of life such as food, clothing and shelter. To get these necessities on regular basis,a person must have a reliable income. But we have other needs which would probably also be in-cluded as basic, such as health and education facilities.

We may think of all of these as our needs. Yet most of us would be far from satisfied if we had nothing more than these which are supplied for us. (78) We all enjoy extra income to spend on things like books, sports or hobbies. Sometimes we save some of this extra income to pay for future expense of this type on holidays. So we must add our wants to our basic needs. Our standard of liv-ing is the degree, to which these needs and wants are satisfied.

But as time goes on, what we think of as our basic needs changes. Twenty years ago a televi-sion would have been a luxury, and still is in many countries now. Even now we cannot say it is a need in the same sense as food, clothing and shelter. Yet if most of the people of a country have one, it comes to be accepted as a need. It is possible therefore to have food, clothing and shelter and still be poor by the standards of our own society.

6. What we need in life is divided into__________ according to this article.

A. the basic necessities and luxury

B. many kinds of need such as food, clothing and houses

C. four groups the basic necessities, luxury, reliable income and future expense

D. the basic necessities and reliable income

7. A person who gets the basic necessities must __________according to the writer.

A. have a reliable income

B. learn how to please his manager

C. finish his work ahead the time

D. get a good education

8. We all enjoy__________.

A. having only reliable income

B. having reliable income and extra income

C. having nothing more than food and clothing

D. having nothing more than reliable income

9. With time going on,__________.

A. a luxury may change into a need which most people want to get

B. the basic needs are getting smaller and smaller

C. a luxury and the basic needs can be exchanged

D. the basic needs can be changed into a luxury

10. If most of the people of a country have a television, we__________.

A. can say the television is a need in the same sense as food and clothing and shelter

B. can say the television must be in the basic necessities

C. cannot say the television is in the basic necessities

D. can say every family must have one

Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

Increasingly, over the past ten years, people--especially young people--have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed food, is not good for the health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods.

Foods which do not contain chemical additives (添加剂) and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers, widely used in farming today.

(79) Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic ( 有机的 ) matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount--but not the quality--of foods grown in commercial farming areas.

Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures(牧场). Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food, they also lay eggs which lack important vitamins.

There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from ex-perts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a non-essential food! Al-though a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if it is necessary, we can in fact do without it. It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be addictive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two centuries and in Britain today each person con-sumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is to provide us with energy, in the form of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and no fiber.

(80) It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy di-et. In white bread, for example, the fiber has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet con-tains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare.

Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modern ex-perts on "healthy eating".

11. People have become more interested in natural foods because__________.

A. they are more health conscious

B. they want to taste all kinds of foods

C. natural foods are more delicious than processed foods

D. they want to return to nature

12. Soil that is rich in organic matters__________.

A. has had chemicals and fertilizers added to it

B. contains vegetable matter that has not been consumed

C. has been nourished by fertilizers

D. already contains large quantities of vitamins and minerals

13. Chickens raised in poultry farms are all of the following EXCEPT that__________.

A. they are fed on food which is little better than garbage

B. they live in very crowded condition

C. the eggs they lay lack vitamins

D. they are allowed to move about and eat freely

14. According to the passage,__________.

A. people need sugar to give them energy

B. sugar is bad for the health

C. the use of sugar is habit forming

D. sugar only sweetens food, but provides us with nothing useful

15. The best title for this passage is__________.

A. People's Growing Interest in Natural Foods

B. Natural Foods and Healthy Diet

C. Harmful Effects of Sugar

D. The Importance of Fiber in Foods

答案

Passage 1

1.B事实细节题。根据文章第一段前四句，因为人们认为女性不如男性强壮，才将女性称为“the weaker sex”，所以选B.其他选项文章都未提到。

2.B事实细节题。可用排除法。根据文章第一段第五句，男生和女生是在一起上学的，所以A不对;第六句提到有些著名的国家总理是女性，但并不是所有著名的国家总理都是女性，所以C也不准确;根据第一段更后两句，在欧洲，妇女比男人更长寿，因此D恰好说反了;只有B(女人不和男人比赛，见第二句)是正确的。

3.C事实细节题。该句话的意思是“至少人们是这样说的”。所以应选C.

4.B事实细节题。根据文章倒数第二句、第三句、第四句，运动员注射荷尔蒙是体育比赛的一个问题。所以选B.

5.C推理判断题。作者在第一段提出了大多数人的看法：男人比女人强。接下来作者举了几个女人比男人强的例子。由此可判断作者是站在客观的立场上来叙述男女两性的差别的。所以选C.

Passage 2

6.A推理判断题。根据文章更后一段作者举的例子，基本需求的概念是可以改变的，20年前电视是一种奢侈品，但现在也已经成为了一种生活必需品。可见，在作者看来，有两种生活需求：一种是生活必需品，另一种就是奢侈品。所以选A.

7.A事实细节题。根据文章第一段的第三句，要想持久地得到生活必需品，必须有一份可靠的收入。

8.B事实细节题。文章第二段提到，大多数人都不会仅仅满足于这些基本需要，我们都愿意再有一些额外的收入。所以应选8.

9.A推理判断题。根据文章更后一段所举的例子，基本需求的概念是可以改变的，20年前电视是一种奢侈品，但现在也已经成为了一种生活必需品。可见奢侈品可转化成生活必需品。所以选A.其他选项文章都未提到。

10.A事实细节题。根据文章倒数第二句，如果全国大多数人都拥有电视的话，那么电视可视作一种必需品。所以选A.

Passage 3

11.A事实细节题。根据文章的第一段，当今的人们越来越注重健康饮食，因此，人们逐渐对天然食品产生了兴趣。所以应选A，“因为天然食物更健康”。

12.B事实细节题。根据文章第二段的第二句，富含有机物的土壤得到没用过的蔬菜物质的滋养，从中获取维他命和矿物质。所以应选B(含有没用过的蔬菜物质)。富含有机物的土壤都不用施加化肥，因此其他选项都是错的。

13.D事实细节题。根据文章第三段更后一句话，饲养厂里的鸡吃的饲料和垃圾差不多，挤在一起，这样养出来的鸡不仅鸡肉不好吃，鸡蛋也没营养。所以文章没提到的选项是D.

14.C事实细节题。可用排除法。文章在第四段提到糖是可有可无的，所以它并不是人们赖以提供能量的食物，所以A不对;根据本段第五句，糖本身并没有害处所以B也不对;根据本段倒数第二句，糖可以提供一定的能量，所以不能说糖不能提供任何有用的东西，这样D也排除了。只有C(使用糖是习惯使然，见第五句)是正确的。

15.B归纳概括题。为文章选题目应根据文章内容来定。文章第一段讲人们越来越注重健康饮食，其表现就是逐渐对天然食物感兴趣;接下来的两段详细介绍天然食物;更后两段谈健康饮食的另外两个方面——一个是糖的问题，另一个是植物纤维的问题。总之，作者始终在围绕着健康饮食和天然食物这两个话题。所以本篇文章更好的题目就是B(健康饮食和天然食物)。其他三个选项都只谈到文中涉及的一个方面，因此都不能起到概括全文的作用。