第一章 Land and People 试题

　　I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts：

　　1. The British Isles are made up of________

　　A. two large islands and hundreds of small ones

　　B. two large islands and Northern Ireland

　　C. three large islands and hundreds of small ones

　　D. three large islands and Northern Ireland

　　2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are_______

　　A. Britain， Scotland and Wales

　　B. England， Scotland and Wales

　　C. Britain， Scotland and Ireland

　　D. England， Scotland and Ireland

　　3. The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries______

　　A. that have a large number of British immigrants B. that fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars

　　C. that speak English as their native language

　　D. that were once colonies of Britain

　　4 About a hundred years ago， as a result of imperialist expansion， Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world's people and ______of the world's land area.

　　A. one third B. one fifth C. one fourth D. two fifths

　　答案：

　　Key： 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C

　　1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

　　2. 1949， Dublin

　　Chapter 1 land and people

　　1.What are the differences between Britain and the British Isles， Great Britain， England， the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth？

　　The British Isles， Great Britain and England are geographical names， no the official names of the country， while the official name is the United Kingdom， but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.

　　2. Describe the geographical position of Britain？

　　Britain is an island country. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.

　　3.Whereabouts in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland？

　　The north and west of Britain are mainly highland， while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands.

　　4. Does Britain have a favorable climate？ Why？

　　Yes， it has a favorable climate， because it has a maritime type of climate——winters are mild， not too cold and summers are cool， not too hot. It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. It has a small range of temperature， too.

　　5. What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain？ Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest？

　　The factors which influence the climate in Britain are the following three：

　　1） The surrounding waters balance the seasonal differences；

　　2） The prevailing south-west winds bring warm and wet air in winter and keep the temperatures moderate；

　　3） The North Atlantic Drift， a warm current， passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.

　　The northwestern part has the most rainfall， while the south-eastern corner is the driest.

　　6. Describe the distribution of Britain's population.

　　Britain has a population of 57 million. It is densely populated， with an average of 237people per square kilometer. It is also very unevenly distributed， with 90%of the population in urban areas， 10% in rural areas. Geographically， most British people live in England. Of the total of 57 million people， 47 million live in England； 14 million live in London and Southeastern England.

　　7. What are the three natural zones in Scotland？

　　The three natural zones in Scotland are： the Highlands in the north， the central Lowlands， and the southern Uplands.

　　8. What is the difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots， Welsh and Irish？

　　The ancestors of the English are Anglo-Saxons， while the Scots， Welsh and rash are Celts.

　　9. What are the differences in character and speech between southern England and northern England？ How do the Welsh keep their language and culture alive？

　　The Welsh are emotional and cheerful people. The Scots are hospitable， generous and friendly. Irish are known for their charm and vivacity as well as for the beauty of their Irish girls. Throughout the year they have festivals of song and dance and poetry called Eisteddfodau. On these occasions competitions are held in Welsh poetry， music， singing and art and in this way they keep the Welsh language and Welsh culture alive.

　　10. What is the main problem in Northern Ireland？

　　Hundreds of years ago Scots and English Protestants were sent to live in Northern Ireland. Since then there has been bitter fighting between the Protestants and the Roman Catholics. The former are the dominant group， while the latter are seeking more social， political and economic opportunities. The British Government and the government of Ireland are now working together to bring peace to Northern Ireland.

　　第二章 Origins of the Nation

　　Arrival and settlement of the Celts

　　Basis of modern English race： the Anglo-Saxons

　　The Viking and Danish invasions

　　King Alfred and his contributions

　　The Norman Conquest and its consequences

　　1 The earliest invasion of England is that by _____.

　　A. the Iberian B. the Danes C. the Celts D. the Anglo-Saxons

　　2 the Celts religion was _____.

　　A. Christianity B. Druidism C. Norman belief D. Roman Catholic

　　3 the Anglo-Saxons brought _____ religion to Britain.

　　A. Christian B. Druid C. Roman Catholic D. Teutonic

　　4 The Anglo-Saxons established _____ system， whereby the lord of the manor collected taxes and organized the local army.

　　A. salve B. feudal C. manorial（采邑制度） D. Capitalistic

　　5. The Anglo-Saxons created the _____ to advise the king， the basis of the Privy Council.

　　A. Synod B. Witan（议会）C. Whit by D. Shirt court

　　6. ______ was known as “the father of the British navy”。

　　A. Edward B. Balfe C. Canute D. Harold I

　　7. Christmas Day _____， Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.

　　A. 1056 B. 1066 C.1006 D. 1060

　　8. The Celts may originally have come from eastern and central Europe， now _____.

　　A. France， Belgium and Spain B.France， Spain and southern Italy

　　C. France， Belgium and southern Germany D. France， Spain and southern Germany

　　9. By the middle of the ninth century， _____ posed a threat to the Saxon kingdom of Essex.

　　A. the Vikings and the Danes B. the Vikings and the Jutes C. the Jutes and the Danes D .the Danes and the

　　Vikings （是不是和A一样呀？）

　　10. The battle of Hastings witnessed the death of ____ in October， 1066.

　　A. Edward B. Testing C. Harold D. Harridan

　　11. In 597， ____ was the first Archbishop of Canterbury.

　　A. Agricola B. Constantine C. St. Augustine D. Gregory I

　　12. The Saxons were originally from _____.

　　A. northern Holland B.northern Germany C. south Norway D. south Germany

　　13. The Celts began to arrive about ____BC and kept coming until the arrival of the Roman.

　　A.400 B. 500 C.600 D.700

　　14.The Celts came to Britain in ______main waves.

　　A two Bothered C four D five

　　15. _____laid the foundations of English state.

　　A Celts B the Anglo-Saxons C the Romans D the Normans

　　16. Alfred the Great was the King of ______.

　　A Sussex B Essex C Essex D Mercia

　　17. On the Christmas Day of 1066， ________was crowned king of England.

　　A. Edward B Harold C Edgar D William

　　18. When Edward， the Confessor died， the Witan chose ______as English King.

　　A Duke William B Edith C Harold D Testing

　　19. Of the following four kings， ______ died most tragically.

　　A King Edward B King Egbert C King Harold D King Alfred

　　20. In 1066 Harold and his troops fought against William's army on Senlac field near _______.

　　A London B Normandy C Stanford D Hastings

　　21. From which of the following languages was the suffix-caster or-orchestra in English place names borrowed？

　　A Danish B Welsh C Latin D German

　　22. The Witan， the basis of the Privy Council was created by_______.

　　A the Celts B the Anglo-Saxons C the Normans D the Romans

　　答案：

　　选择 1c. 2B. 3D. 4C. 5B 6B. 7B 8 C 9 A 10 C

　　11 C 12 B 13D 14B 15B 16C 17D 18C 19C 20D 21C 22B

　　简答

　　1 How did the Celts invade Britain？

　　The Celts invaded Britain in three waves： the Gaels， the Brythons and the Belgae.

　　2 How did the Anglo-Saxons invade England？

　　The Anglo-Saxons invaded into Britain in three waves： Jutes， Saxon and Anglos.

　　3 Who began to invade England from the end of the 8th century？

　　By the end of the 8th century， the Norwegian Vikings and the Danes Denmark began to invade England.

　　4 What is the significance of the Norman Conquest？

　　The Norman Conquest ended the English history of being invaded.

　　5 Who formally brought Christianity to Britain？ And when？

　　Christianity was brought to Britain by St.Augustine in 597.

　　名词解释

　　1. Heptarch

　　I t is a collective name for the seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms from the 7th century to the 9th century. They are Kent， Essex， Sussex， Essex， East Anglia， Mercia and North Umbria. After the 9th century， the seven kingdoms were conquered one after another by the invading Danes.

　　2. Alfred the Great

　　He was king of Essex， one of the seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. It was he who led the Anglo-Saxons to fight against the invading Danes and maintained peace for a long time. Alfred was not only a brave king at wartime， but also a wise king at peacetime. He encouraged education and introduced a legal system. He is known as “the father of the British navy.”

　　3. William the conqueror

　　He was also known as William， Duke of Normandy In 1066， he led the Normans to cross the English Channel and conquered England .He became William the First. His reign marked the beginning of the full feudal system in England.