4.“have their passports removed”是 have+宾语+过去分词的结构。

　　“removed” 是过去分词作宾补，表示被动，意为“使得护照被拿走”。

　　例如： have my wallet stolen， have the radio repaired

　　making … impossible 为现在分词短语作结果状语。

　　本句意思：他们在身体上、性和心理上遭受凌辱。他们还会被收去护照，使得出走或“逃跑”根本不可能。

　　第二部分：

　　paras. 3－8

　　The sad condition of women working as domestics around the world received much media attention earlier this year in several highly publicised cases. In one of them， a Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder， despite protests from various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established. Groups like Anti-Slavery International say other， less dramatic， cases are equally deserving of attention， such as that of Lydia Garcia， a Filipino maid working in London：

　　5.The sad condition of women working as domestics around the world 在句中作主语，谓语是received 受到， “in several highly publicized cases”的意思是“在几个被高度曝光的案例中”。

　　本句意思：今年年初，几个透明度颇高的案例中有关世界各地的家庭女佣的悲惨状况受到新闻媒体的关注。

　　“I was hired by a Saudi diplomat directly from the Philippines to work in London in 1989. I was supposed to be paid ￡ 120 but I never received that amount. They always threatened that they would send me back to my country.”

　　6.句中“being convicted of murder”为动名词被动式作介词 “after”的宾语，表示“被判为谋杀罪”。“that”引导protests 的同位语从句，表示抗议的内容。本句意思：其中一个案例是讲一位菲律宾女佣因被指控犯有谋杀罪在新加坡被处死，尽管有来自各地的抗议认为她的罪名不足以成立。

　　Para.5

　　Then there is the case of Kumari from Sri Lanka. The main breadwinner in her family， she used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka. Because she found it difficult to feed her four children， she accepted a job working as a domestic in London. She says she felt like a prisoner at the London house where she worked.

　　7.The main breadwinner in her family， she used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka. She 是同位语 used to do sth. 过去经常的动作

　　“No days off - ever， no breaks at all， no proper food. I didn‘t have my own room； I slept on a shelf with a space of only three feet above me. I wasn’t allowed to talk to anybody. I wasn‘t even allowed to open the window. My employers always threatened to report me to the Home Office or the police.

　　Para.7

　　At the end of 1994 the British Government introduced new measures to help protect domestic workers from abuse by their employers. This included increasing the minimum age of employees to 18， getting employees to read and understand an advice leaflet， getting employers to agree to provide adequate maintenance and conditions， and to put in writing the main terms and conditions of the job （of which the employees should see a copy）。

　　8.include后要接动名词作宾语。 increasing， getting， 和getting 均为动名词短语，作included的宾语，表示新措施包括的三项内容。

　　“to agree”和 “to put” 并列作第二个getting的宾补。

　　“to put in writing the main terms and conditions…的正常语序为to put the main terms and conditions …

　　in writing ， 因为作宾补的介词短语较短，而宾语较长，故把宾补提前。

　　本句意思：措施包括把雇工的更小年龄提高到18岁，使受雇者能阅读并理解通告单，使雇主同意提供适当的生活费用和条件，并写出工作条件和主要的工作条款（受雇者应有此种副本）。

　　Para.8

　　However， many people doubt whether this will successfully reduce the incidence of abuse. For the main problem facing overseas maids and domestics who try to complain about cruel living and working conditions is that they do not have independent immigrant status and so cannot change employer. （They are allowed in the United Kingdom under a special concession in the immigration rules which allow foreigners to bring domestic staff with them.） So if they do complain， they risk being deported.

　　该句的主要结构为 “For …problem … is that …。” “facing”为现在分词作定语修饰problem.“who”引导定语从句修饰 “maids and domestics”。

　　本句意思是：因为那些企图抗议恶劣生活和工作条件的外籍女佣和家仆所面临的主要问题是他们没有独立的移民身份，因此不能更换雇主。

　　第三部分

　　Para.9

　　Allowing domestic workers the freedom to seek the same type of work but with a different employer， if they so choose， is what groups like Anti-Slavery International are campaigning the Government for. It is， they say， the right to change employers which distinguishes employment from slavery.

　　10.allowing ……动名词短语作主语

　　if they so choose…… 条件状语从句

　　what 引导表语从句，what groups … are campaigning the Government for .

　　We are campaining the Government for human rights.

　　This key is what I am looking for .

　　11.“it is …。 Which …”为强调句。 强调主语。 “they say” 为插入语 .

　　to distinguish … from 把…区分开

　　本句意思：他们说，正是有权改变雇主的这一做法区分了雇佣制和奴隶制