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自考“英语(二)”完整讲义(110)

2007年09月11日    来源:   字体:   打印
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  三、增词(adding)

  1.有一些英文句子,按照字面翻译,意义不完全,此时必须加词才符合汉语的习惯

  Mother was hanging out the wash. 妈妈把洗好了的衣服挂起来。

  We can room together. 我们可以住一间屋。

  2.实体名词:Air China 中国国际航空公司

  3.抽象名词:tension 要根据具体语境,译成紧张(情况、关系、局势或心情)。

  教材P318 例句

  4.名词复数:dogs 几只狗,一些狗

  5.时态:完成时译成,已经…了;进行时译成,正在…;过去时译成,曾经…了

  6.状语:根据不同的目的、原因、让步等状语,分别译为:为了…,由于…,虽然…

  四、减词(omitting)

  一些可有可无的词,意义已经体现于译文中了,可以省略不译

  1.省略主语:One will fail unless he works hard. 不努力就会失败。

  2.省略物主代词:He is keeping his bed. 他正卧床养病。

  I‘ll try my best . 我尽力而为。

  3.省略连接词:Sunday is the day when I am not busy. 星期天是我不忙的日子。

  五、重复(repeating)

  1.为了表示强调而重复

  What we want is to learn,to learn and to learn.

  Taxes,taxes and more taxes

  2.为了重复代词所替代的原词

  The country has its advantage. 农村有农村的优势。

  教材P 322 例句

  3.为了表达明确具体,重复英文中省略的词

  We have to learn to analyze and solve problem. 我们必须学会分析问题解决问题。

  Unit 11 练习

  1.动物研究对人类医学的发展做出了重大的贡献。

  Animal research has made great contributions to human medical development.

  Animal research has contributed a great deal to the development of human medicine.

  2.动物研究是否与人体健康有关,人们持不同态度。

  People have different ideas about whether animal research is relevant to human health.

  3.用于实验的动物数量在过去二十年中已大大减少了。

  The number of animals used in experiments has declined greatly over the past 20 years.

  研究的新成果表明,少数实验可以放弃使用动物。

  4.The new research findings show that a few experiments can be done without using animals.

  The new development in research has shown that a small proportion of tests can be done without using animals.

  5.尽管医学技术越来越先进,但完全停止使用动物做实验仍然很远。

  Although medical techniques are becoming more advanced, stopping testing on animals altogether is a long way away.

  Although medical technique becomes more and more advanced, stopping testing on animals altogether is a long way away.

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