第十一单元

　　1.常考单词：

　　disorder  irrelevant　misleading　irresponsible   eventual　replace   partly   undergo   suitable   to do research into   be central to　be irrelevant to   to aim for

　　2. 常考句子：

　　1） The use of animals has been central to the development of anaesthetics.

　　2） Animal research is irrelevant to our health and it can often produce misleading results.

　　3） People and animals are different in their reactions to drugs and in the way their bodies work.

　　4） It would be completely irresponsible and unethical to use drugs on people that had not been thoroughly tested on animals.

　　5） The eventual aim of computer modeling is to reduce the number of animals used in experiments.

　　6） Many other new techniques are now available that enable more research to be done in the test tube to see if chemicals produce harmful biological effects.

　　7） The number of animals used in laboratory tests has declined over the last 20 years.

　　8） This is partly due to alternatives and partly to the fact that experiments are better designed so fewer need to be used.

　　9） Professor David Morton of the department is involved in animal research and is concerned with reducing animal suffering as much as possible.

　　10） This includes keeping them in more suitable cages.

　　include 后面接动名词作宾语。

　　11） In the US，one experiment in nerve regeneration involves cutting a big nerve in a rat's leg.

　　involve 后面接动名词作宾语。

　　12） When it comes to research into heart disease and its effects on the body，or diseases of the brain for example，we do not have adequate substitutes for the use of animals.

　　When it comes to 当提到 … 的时候

　　第十二单元

　　1.常考单词：

　　symptom 　intellectual 　detail 　initial　inventor    confront 　sensitivity 　reflection　creativity   character   trace 　 modest　investment   to substitute … for   be contrary to   to put off　be confronted with   to gaze at   be unaware of   to impress…on   be free from   be beneficial to

　　2. 常考句子：

　　1） At its best，daydreaming was considered a compensatory substitute for the real things in life.

　　2） There are always those who would substitute fantasy lives for the rewards of real activity.（para.2）

　　3）Most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming rather than an excess of it. （para.2）

　　4）Not only are they less able to deal with the pressure of day-to-day existence，but also their self -control and self-direction become endangered. （para.2）

　　5） But its beneficial effects go beyond this. （para. 3）

　　Go beyond 表示“超越 …，不仅仅是 … ”

　　6）Historically，scientists and inventors are one group that seems to take full advantage of relaxed moments.

　　Take advantage of 利用

　　7） Whenever confronted with a task which seemed too hard to be dealt with，he would stretch out on his laboratory sofa and let fantasies flood his mind. （para.7）

　　8） Picture yourself as winning and that will contribute remarkably to success.

　　The important thing to remember is to picture these desired objectives as if you had already attained them.

　　第十三单元

　　1.常考单词：

　　compel   voluntary   undertake   coincide   manual　efficiency   compulsion   division   eliminate   boring   amusement   so far as …knows   to coincide with   attitude toward   to go in for

　　2. 常考句子：

　　1） He cannot be really happy if h is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing.

　　2） Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends，not on the job itself，but on the tastes of the individual who undertake it.

　　3） The difference does not，for example，coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job.

　　4） So that it is natural for him to imagine that the fewer hours he has to spend laboring，and the more hours he is free to play，the better.

　　第十四单元

　　1.常考单词：

　　device   compassion   grab   belonging   threatening　convince   foster   persuasion   avail   suspect　profound   to convince sb. to do sth.   to comment on

　　2. 常考句子：

　　1）It was a microcassette found in Kathleen Weinstein's shirt pocket that not only led police to　her alleged killer but also revealed the New Jersey teacher to be a woman of extraordinary courage　and compassion.

　　本句是个强调句，另外注意 found 的用法

　　2） It was there，police believe，that Weinstein was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag. 本句是强调句。

　　3） Weinstein's body，with hands and feet bound，was discovered by a hiker on March17.

　　4） But before she died she somehow slipped the microcassette into her pocket without her killer knowing it.

　　第十五单元

　　1.常考单词：

　　solely   content  sensible   persist   vital   logic   evaluate   raw   ultimate   functional　extension   undue   concrete   conquer   error   prolong   technician   proof   possess   to pull down　to mistake…for   to distinguish between   to come to terms with　to end in 　to reflect on 　to come about 　to speculate on

　　2. 常考句子：

　　1） Electronic brains can reduce the profusion of dead ends involved in vital research.

　　2） Nor do they connect a man to the things he has to be connected to - the reality of pain in others.

　　注意本句的倒装形式。并且注意“ connect … to ”表示“把 … 与 … 连接起来”。

　　3） The reason these matters are important in a computerized age is that there may be a tendency to mistake data for wisdom.

　　本句中注意“ tendency ”后面要接动词不定式作定语。另外“ mistake … for ”表示“把 … 错认为 … ”

　　4） For the danger is not so much that man will be controlled by the computer as that he may imitate it.